Pennsylvania’s PUC Chapter 32 sets liability by weight: $300,000 at 10,000 lbs or less, $750,000 above, plus $5,000 cargo.
Weight / class variation: Liability splits at 10,000 lbs GVWR (single) / GCWR (articulated)
No tow-specific on-hook/garagekeepers in Ch. 32; general common/contract property-carrier rule applies. Cargo exemptions in 32.13(b) (dump, coal/earth/stone, loads $500 or less with affidavit) may not cover towing.
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Message us on Messenger Typically responds within 15 minutes during business hours. Prefer to talk now? Call · Text Get a quote for Pennsylvania →Independent-contractor test: Common-law right-to-control / multi-factor for general WC (case law under the Workers' Compensation Act, 77 P.S. §§ 1–1041.4). Different from UC: PA UC uses a 2-prong test (free from control + customarily engaged in independent trade/business), 43 P.S. § 753(l)(2)(B). Different again for construction: the Construction Workplace Misclassification Act (CWMA), 43 P.S. §§ 933.1–933.17, imposes a stricter test that applies to WC and UC for construction work only.
Not required doesn’t mean not liable: if you don’t carry workers’ comp — even where it isn’t required for you — an injured worker may be able to sue you in court instead of being limited to comp benefits, because the exclusive-remedy shield generally depends on having coverage.
Minimums are the legal floor, not a recommendation — most operators carry more. Your operation (light-duty, heavy-duty, repo, rotation, motor club) decides which coverages fit. Take the coverage quiz →
Rotation is a local contract, not state law. Rotation agreements commonly require auto liability around $1,000,000 CSL, on-hook/cargo $50,000–$100,000, garagekeepers $50,000–$500,000, and the agency named as additional insured — check your agency’s agreement for its exact terms. Rotation readiness checklist →
More tools: state requirements lookup · workers’ comp lookup · coverage quiz · fuel cost calculator · rotation checklist
Informational only — not legal advice and not a quote. Requirements change — confirm the exact limits with your state DOT / public utilities commission and your rotation agreement before you buy. Minimums are the legal floor, not a recommendation — most operators carry more.